millaed



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

- J'. R MILLARD.

WINDMILL.

Patented Dec. 9, 1884.

Alforneys N. PETEns. Pnom-mhn m lm. Washington. D c.

(No Model.) 3 Sheats-Sheet 2.-

J. R. MILLARD.

WINDMILL.

No. 309,077 Patented Dec. 9, 188%4. F .5.

' W/T/VESSES' (No Model.)

3 SheetsSheet 3.

J. R. M'ILLARD'.

WINDMILL.

Patented Dec. 9, 1884.

7 b ("If Attorney? Fig. 9 is a detail perspective view of one of Warren @rarns' JASON RENSSELAER MILLARD, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

WINDMILL.

SPECIPIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,077, dated December 9, 1884. Application filed January 26, 1884. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J ASON RENSSELAER MILLARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful lVindmill, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to windmills; and it has for its object to provide simple and efficient means for governing the same.

To this end it consists in certain details of construction and novel combinations of parts, as hereinafter set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Figure l is a front elevation, partly in sec tion, of a windmill embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a detail View of a portion of the wind-wheel. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on line 00 m, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section through one of the fans of the wheel. Fig. 5 is aplan View of the mill. Fig. 6 is a transverse section on the line 7 y, Fig. Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view showing the connection of the rod attached to the plunger to the pump-rod. Fig. Sis a detached enlarged sectional view through the lower portion of the turn-table.

the fans of the wind-wheel. Fig. 10 is a detached view showing the front and side of the plunger at the point where it connects with the wind-wheel shaft. Fig. 11 is a plan view of the plate on which the turn-table works. Fig. 12 is aside view of the windmill looking directly at the vane toward the wheel, the turn-table being broken off. Fig. 13 is a detached sectional view taken through the vanebar on one side of the beam, and illustrating the operation in dotted lines.

Like letters refer to corresponding parts in the several figures.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the windmill-tower, of any suitable construc tion, and B an upright hollow casing or turn table revolving therein. To the lower end of the turn-table is attached a plate, C, formed with a clownwardly-projecting circular por tion, a, which fits in a track, 11, formed in the upper face of a plate, D, secured to the tower. To the sides of the turn-table are attached four (more or less) hangers, E, in which are journaled a corresponding number of wheels, d, revolving against a ring, F, secured to the upper end of the tower, so that when the turntable revolves by the action of the vane the wheels (Z will revolve against the ring F, thereby bracing the turn-table, and acting to assist in turning the same. A shaft, J, is iournaled in bearings c of the arm G, and is provided at its inner end with a crank, f, having hearings in a cross-piece, L, secured to the plunger K by straps M, said plunger being disposed vertically within the hollow turntable. Metallic plates N connect the lower end of the plunger with a rod, 0, passing through a sleeve, 1?, and fitted at its lower end to a U-shaped plate, Q, attached to the pump-rod R. The sleeve P is disposed vertically in a passage, 9, cut through the turn= table and plates 0 D, collars S S being se cured to the upper and lower ends of the sleeve. The lower collar, S, is provided with a circumferential groove, 71/, to receive a ring, T, attached to the end of a lever, U, pivoted. in the tower A, a cord or rope, V, connecting with the lever and extending downward to the ground, so that by pulling on the cord the lever is operated to cause the downward movement of the sleeve and the turning of the vane in the manner presently to be de scribed. The upper collar, S, is prox ided with a projecting arm, V, to which is attached a rope, chain, or equivalent device, X, extending upward in the hollow turn-table and passing over a pulley, k, at the upper end of the arm G, connecting with a lever, Y, pivoted in a bracket-plate, t, secured to the arm G, a rod, Z, connecting the lever with a bar or shaft, A, the latter having at one end a large vane, A, and at the opposite end a smaller adjustable vane, B. The said vane shaft or bar A is provided with plates (3*, pivoted to the ends of a beam, Diwhich is mounted on one end of the arm G, metallic braces H H connecting the beam with the turn-table and arranged to hold said beam in place, the vane projecting upwardly from the end of the shaft, so that when the cord or rope is operated the shaft will be drawn upward, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 13, so as to carry the vane along with it, the vane being drawn down into a horizontal position, and thus turned out of the wind. When the vane is in the position shown in full lines, Fig. 1, it is in position to enable the wind to operate against it to turn the turn-table and carry the wind wheel around with the wind as it changes; but when it is found desirable to avoid the use of the vane-for instance, when it is desirable to turn the wheel out of the wind-the vane is turned horizontally in the manner shown and described, the wind-wheel being turned out of the wind according to the position of the vane. It will be seen that,when the cord or rope V is drawn upon, the lever U is operated to cause the sleeve 1? to descend on the rod 0, and by this movement draw the collar S, carrying the arm W, in a downward direction, causing the rope X to operate the lever Y, which will in turn operate the rod Z and cause thevane bar or shaft A to be turned over upon the beam D the large vane A lying horizontal, so that the wind will strike the edge thereof, and in this position the vane will no longer hold the wheel edgewise to the wind, but the wheel, being about two feet offfrom the center of the turn-table, will quickly turn around behind the turn-table and take a position squarely facing the wind. It will be seen that the wind strikes the turn table before it strikes the wheel. The latter is continually in the wind, the vane being arranged in front of the wheel, and is only employed to throw the said wheel out of the wind or edgewise thereto. By e1nploying the small vane B the large vane acts as a regulator when lying horizontal and the wheel running full in the wind. This vane 13 may be adjusted vertically by means of asetscrew, to give it greater or less power. As the wind increases in velocity the small vane B is forced backward, so as to cause the vane-bar A. to lie down upon the arm G and turn the large vane A up in its perpendicular position. Since the large vane has perfect control of the wheel, the instant it is turned up to catch the wind the wheel is quickly turned partially edgewise to the wind, thereby decreasing the velocity of the same. The two vanes make the mill perfectly self-regulating independent of the spring-pressed fans, and thus I provide two modes of regulating the mill, either of which works with satisfaction. The weight of the vane bar or shaft A causes it to fall down automatically upon the arm G when the small vane 13 is blown backward by the wind. When the vane-bar is drawn upon the beam D a weight (not shown) should be attached to the end of cord V, and the heavier this weight is the harder the wind must blow to counteract the weight and throw up the large vane, so as to turn the wheel edgewise to the wind. The outer end of the shaft J is formed square, with a gradual taper, as shown, and to this end is fitted the hub O of the wind-wheel, said hub comprising two flanged sections, between which the arms D of the wheel are placed, the 5 clamping of the sections being effected by a nut on the tapered end of the shaft, and acting to secure the arms of the wheel in place.

E designates the fans, hinged at Zto the arms D, a spring, F, being secured to the arms and bearing against the fans, so as to keep them normally closed but when the wind increases it will overcome the pressure of the springs and force the fans at right angles to the arms, the speed of the wheel decreasing. \Vhen the wind decreases in velocity, the springs will exert their power and press the fans outward into their normal position.

F designates braces connecting the arms D at or near their inner ends, and H is an iron band secured to each arm around the periphery of the wheel and acting to keep the parts in proper position. Cross-bars J are attached to the fans and serve to prevent them from warping or splitting.

K is a band formed in sections m, coupled together by pointed plates or catches L, projecting from the fans, the sections of the band turning with each fan when the latter are turned by ihe wind at right angles to the wheel-arms, and thus causing the fans to work together and prevent any displacement of the parts.

The operation of my invention will be readily understood from the foregoing description, taken in connection with the annexed drawings.

The turning of the wind-wheel by the wind effects the rotation of the shaft J, and by the connection of the latter with the plunger and the intermediate connecting devices the pu1np-rod is reciprocated in the manner well known. The rod 0 works in the sleeve 1,

and thus does not interfere with the working The latter can be turned out of of the vane. the wind, in the manner above described, by simply pulling on the cord or rope V. The spring-pressed fans will act automatically to decrease the speed of the wheel, and form the important feature of my invention.

Having described my invention, I claim'-- 1. In a windmill, the combination, with the wheel-arms, of the fans hinged to one side of the same,-flat springs secured at one end to the other side of the arms and pressing at the other end against the face of the fans, and a band formed in sections, coupled together, each section being secured to two of the fans, as set forth.

2. In awindmill, the combination, with the wheel-arms, of the spring-pressed fans hinged thereto, and a band formed in sections, coupled together, each section being securedto two of the fans, as set forth.

3. In awindmill, the combination, with the wheel-hub provided with a series of radial arms, of the spring-pressed fans hinged thereto, a band formed in sections coupled together and secured to" the fans, braces connecting the wheel-arms, cross-bars secured to the fans to prevent warping or splitting, and an iron band secured around the periphery of the wheel, as set forth.

4. In a windmill, the combination, with the vane, of the hinged vane-bar, a rod attached ward and attached to a sliding sleeve, and a lever attached tothe sleeve, and a rope con necting with the lever, as set forth.

5. In awindmill, the combination, with the turn-table provided with an arm, G, of a horizontal hinged vane-bar resting on the same and provided with avane at each end, one of said vanes being vertically adjustable, as described, and means, substantially as described, for operating the vane-bar, for the purpose set forth.

6. In a windmill, the combination, with the wheel-shaft and turntable, of the plunger secured at its upper end to the wheel-shaft, a hollow vertically-moving sleeve passing through the lower end of the turn-table and connecting with the mechanism for operating the I vane, a rod secured to the lower end of the plunger and passing through the sleeve, and the'pump pole or shaft connecting with the rod, as set forth.

7. In a windmill, the combination, with the arm G, secured to the turn-table, of a beam mounted on one end thereof, the vane-bar hinged to the beam and provided with a vane at each end, and means for operating the vaucbar, to cause the same to lie upon the beam, as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aflixed m y signature in presence of two witnesses.

JASON RENSSELAER MILLARD.

Witnesses;

F. W. Por'rs, B. E. TANEY. 

